Lyme disease may usually be readily diagnosed by clinical and laboratory methods. This review describes the typical organ manifestations, the cardinal symptoms and differential diagnostics, makes a statement about laboratory diagnostic methods and therapy and evaluates unorthodox methods. Post- Lyme disease syndrome is a term used to describe multifarious complaints which cannot always be shown to have been caused by a previous infection with Borrelia. Controlled studies have demonstrated that persistence of the bacteria can be largely excluded in cases with normal cerebrospinal fluid and unsuccessful treatment with antibiotics.