The issue of working atmosphere is often discussed in the scientific and industrial literature, especially in conjunction with questions of prevention of occupational illness. A fruitful analysis of this subject, however, is complicated by the absence of a generally binding conceptual and theoretical framework for systematic empirical research. The aim of the present paper is to give a precise definition of working atmosphere, explain its main determinants, describe methods for its assessment, give a short overview of the currently available empirical research results, and show important starting-points for preventive measures at the workplace