Obstructive pulmonary disease and emphysema are recognized as occupational diseases in miners working in black coal mines (BK No. 4111 BKV). A case of a uranium miner suffering from an obstructive pulmonary disease and emphysema is described; toxicological data have demonstrated that this disease can be caused at least in part by exposure to high concentrations of granular poorly soluble particles at the underground workplace in uranium mines too. Compensation according to the regulations applying for coal miners is recommended.