Contagious diseases can potentially be distributed by air traffic. However, the conditions on board make transmission very unlikely. National and international health regulations forbid air transport of infectious passengers for medical reasons. Screening procedures should prevent such contagious patients from boarding. If infections are detected in-flight, extensive procedures will be initiated. In the case of a pandemic, a host of international, national and local measures are planned to limit the distribution. Aircraft disinsection prevents carry-over of disease vectors.